If you understand the science of soil, then the proper compost use will make sense. So we created the Soil Academy, as a way of building a one-stop source to all things about the soil. This is a collaborative effort, so if you have any good sources of information, please let us know!
This college text covers both the mineral side of soils as well as the microbe side. While written for the college student, it is easily comprehendible.
A good primer into the amazing world of soils microbes and the soil food web. It's science based, but not too heavy.
A very detailed and amazing look at the role of fungus in soils and its critical symbiotic relationship for plants. An amazing fact: 40% of the world's cellulose is recycled each year by fungus. The science is quite complete, but the effort is worth the understanding. I'll promise you this, once you finish this one, your gardening habits will be completely changed.
Another great resource to obtain a good understanding of soils in an urban setting. Because most soil science is geared towards large scale agriculture, the gardener is left with little to no guidance. You'll find this primer an excellent application of science to your needs.
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From Tree To Shining Tree
An utterly fascinating look into the world of mycelium, and the critical role it plays in the health of forests. You’ll have to excuse a few goofy sound effects, but the science behind it is very strong. A real pleasure to listen to. Podcast Link
Soil Food Web Videos:
Here is the root (sorry!) of the organic vs. synthetic soil science. These videos provide a great introduction to the workings of the most complex environment in the world- your garden's soil: